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another question about PA design - RF Cafe Forums
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nickc
Post subject: another question about PA design Posted: Wed
Jul 26, 2006 2:14 am
Captain
Joined: Tue Jul 18, 2006
9:52 am
Posts: 6
hey
i have another question about PA
class biasing. usually people talk about collector current and collector-emitter
voltage when discussing different classes. i understand that but i am
having trouble understanding what happens at the input: take class AB
for example, if it is biased at 25% of Imax then there is no collector
current for some of a cycle but doesn't that no current situation also
correspond to vbe swing going below the threshold or VBE(on)? i think
that is right---then why nobody discusses or says anything about biasing
the base or base-emitter properly so that the swing does go below threshold?
is biasing Ic and Vce sets the base or base-emitter biasing? if
so, can someone tell me what is the relationship, how they are related?
thanks
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fred47
Post subject: PA BiasingPosted:
Wed Jul 26, 2006 10:13 pm
General
Joined: Wed Feb
22, 2006 3:51 pm
Posts: 104
Hi!
Yes, the base-emitter voltage
goes below the turn-on voltage for part of the cycle - that's what is
required for the collector current to go to zero for part of the cycle,
to give other than Class A behavior.
Setting Ic(ave) and Vce(ave)
for a given drive level can only be done by adjusting the base-emitter
(bias) voltage.
The relationship between Vbe and Ic is (perhaps
over-simply)
Ic = Beta * Ib = Beta * Io e^(q*Vbe/(n*k*T) )
so the collector current depends on junction temperature T,
the physical structure of the device (which determines n and Io), and
a bunch of other high-level phenomena as well. Beta is also more of
a variable than a constant...
Hope this helps,
Good Luck!
Fred
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venkataravi
Post subject: Output - Back
offPosted: Thu Jul 27, 2006 8:19 am
Captain
Joined: Thu
Jul 27, 2006 7:36 am
Posts: 11
Location: Bangalore --India
Hi,
Can any one tell what is the meaning of Output - Back off
with reference to PA design -- Yvravi
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fred47
Post subject: PA BackoffPosted: Thu Jul 27, 2006 11:44 am
General
Joined: Wed Feb 22, 2006 3:51 pm
Posts: 104
Hi!
Up to a certain point, the output power of a PA increases
with the input drive power. With increased drive and output, there is
increased current draw, heat generation, and distortion. So sometimes,
to get a better thermal situation and linearity, we reduce the output
power, usually by reducing the input drive. This is output back-off
- moving away from the maximum-output-power rating of the PA.
Hope this helps!
Good Luck,
Fred
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nickc
Post subject: Posted: Thu Jul 27, 2006 12:21 pm
Captain
Joined: Tue Jul 18, 2006 9:52 am
Posts: 6
hey,
thanks fred....that helps and that is what i now understand.
but that raises another follow up question: i was doing simple biasing
for a class A PA but i wasn't paying attention to ac swing at the input
and as is taught normally i was just thinking about Ic and Vce swing
and load lines. so...i did the biasing and ended up with VBE of .9 volts
(emitter grounded)....this design is not PCB but IC but it's all the
same concept.
but now my question is wouldn't i be going below
turn-on voltage at the input if my ac input voltage swing is greater
than Vpp=.6 peak-to-peak considering threshold (VBE,on) is .6V (driving
the PA harder)? meaning .9-(Vpp.2) = .6; if so, then i don't have class
A anymore!
i know driving PA's harder cause compression but i
thought the compression is only on voltage swing (due to supply limit)
but current swing will remain relatively the same (for class A), but
if my input swing is going below turn-on voltage then the current goes
to zero too for part of a cycle....any suggestion/feedback?
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IR
Post subject: Posted: Thu Jul 27, 2006 2:55 pm
Site Admin
Joined: Mon Jun 27, 2005 2:02 pm
Posts:
373
Location: Germany
Hello,
If Vbe will go to zero then
the base current Ib will also go to zero and therfore there will be
no output current, Ic.: You are right there is no Class A anymore when
this happens. The impact it will cause is distortion and hence degraded
linearity - like in Class B operation. The exact class of operation
is determined by the part (In degrees) that the output signal goes below
zero, i.e. no input signal.
_________________
Best regards,
- IR
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venkataravi
Post subject: PA designPosted:
Fri Jul 28, 2006 8:44 am
Captain
Joined: Thu Jul 27,
2006 7:36 am
Posts: 11
Location: Bangalore --India
Hi Fred,
Thankyou very much, for providing the reply and this is another
question to you
What is the meaning of
Shoulder distance
or Shoulder Height; Digital Preccorrection
Also please provide
ur email ID
Regards
Ravi
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venkataravi
Post subject: Spec relatedPosted: Sat Jul 29, 2006 7:29 am
Captain
Joined: Thu Jul 27, 2006 7:36 am
Posts: 11
Location: Bangalore --India
Hi Fred,
I am basically a CDMA
engineer and presently working on Amplifier design
I want to
know regarding "spurii carrier dependent " & Spurii carrier independent
Please help
With Regards
Y.V.Ravi
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fred47
Post subject: PA QuestionsPosted: Mon Jul 31, 2006
11:20 am
General
Joined: Wed Feb 22, 2006 3:51 pm
Posts: 104
Hi Venkata Ravi,
I'm not a real expert in CDMA amplifiers
- you'd do better to post your question on the main forum, not in the
reply section for another question. CDMA amplifiers have specifications
unique to that application, that other uses do not have.
Also,
that would let other people find both the question and whatever replies
you get much more easily. I'm sure IR and Kirt would both appreciate
that!
Good Luck!
Fred
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nickc
Post
subject: sorry, couple of more questionsPosted: Fri Aug 04, 2006 9:42
pm
Captain
Joined: Tue Jul 18, 2006 9:52 am
Posts:
6
hey,
i still need to clarify two things about the BJT operation.
* in PA, VCE is biased at VCE=VCC usually and you can swing from
2VCC to zero (ideally). when Vce=0, Ic is max and also Vbe should be
max. in such a situation, wouldn't the transistor be in saturation as
the the B-C junction will become forward bias as well, assuming collector
is ~.7 volts below the base voltage and the PA is being driven hard?
* is Vce,saturation (Vce,sat) the same value as VBC(on) ~=.7?
* In reality, Vce doesn't swing all the way to zero but swing down
to Vce,sat and when the PA is driven hard, the Vce swing clips at 2VCC
and at Vce,sat. I understand why it clips at the high point, because
of power supply limit, but what determines that it won't go below Vce,sat
as the PA is driven hard? why doesn't it go to zero and then clip? in
other words, what makes the Vce swing not go below Vce,sat?
hopefully,
someone ca answer these questions. it will help me out much.
Posted 11/12/2012
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